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International Baccalaureate · PYP 0

Position and Paths

⌚ ~58 min ▢ 5 blocks ✓ 22 exercises ➣ Prerequisites : Numbers to 10, Time and Daily Routines, Shapes and Solids
I On, Under and In
Definition — Positional Words
These words tell us where something is.
  • The cat is on the chair. It is sitting on top.
    Figure
  • The cat is under the chair. It is hiding underneath.
    Figure
  • The cat is in the box. It is inside.
    Figure
Skills to practice
  • Finding On, Under or In
II Where Is It?

Aisha's marble rolled away.
Figure
Where is the marble?

The marble is behind the box: we can only see the top of the marble peeking out.


Definition — In Front and Behind
The marble can hide on either side of the box.
Figure  Figure
On the first picture, the marble is in front of the box: it is on your side of the box, so we see it whole. On the second picture, it is behind the box: it is on the other side, so the box hides it.
Definition — Between and in the Middle
The red marble is between the two blue marbles. Here, it is even right in the middle: at the same distance from both.
Figure
Definition — Inside and Outside
The red marble is inside the hoop. The blue marbles are outside.
Figure
Example
Look at the cat. Is it inside or outside the box?
Figure

The cat is inside the box: being in the box and being inside the box are the same thing said with different words.

Skills to practice
  • Finding Where
III My Left and My Right

The teacher says: “Raise your right hand!” Hugo and Aisha are seen from behind: each one raised a hand.
Figure
Who is correct?

Aisha — the second child — is correct: seen from behind, her raised hand is on the right side. Hugo raised his left hand.


Definition — My Left and My Right
You always carry your left and your right with you: one hand is your left hand, the other is your right hand. When you turn around, they turn with you. A trick to remember them: wear a little bracelet on your left wrist for a few days — your hands will teach you.
Figure
Face to Face
Careful: when your friend is facing you — you can see their eyes — their right hand is in front of your left hand. Your two right hands are not on the same side: it is the other way round.
Figure
Report an error
Example
The boy in the bed is facing you. Is the cat on his right or on his left?
Figure

The boy is facing us, so it is the other way round: his right hand is on the side of the dog. The cat is on his left.

Skills to practice
  • Telling Left Hand from Right Hand
IV The Plan of the Bedroom

We want to show where everything sits in the bedroom — on one sheet of paper.
Figure
How can we do it?

We look at the room from above, like a little bird. Every piece of furniture becomes a simple shape: the bed becomes the big rectangle, the little table the small square, the dog and the cat two dots. This drawing is the plan of the bedroom.
Figure


Definition — The Plan
A plan shows a room seen from above. The bed becomes a big rectangle, the little table a small square, the cat and the dog become dots. On the plan, we can point at where everything is.
Figure
Example
On the plan, where is the orange dot — the cat?
Figure

The cat is next to the little table, near the head of the bed — exactly like on the picture of the bedroom.

Skills to practice
  • Reading the Plan
V Coding the Path

The red marble must reach the star. Aisha wants to explain the path without speaking.
Figure
How can she do it?

With arrows, one arrow for each step: \(\rightarrow\;\rightarrow\;\uparrow\). Whoever reads the arrows can follow the path without hearing a single word.


Saying the Path
We can also say the path with words, in order: first towards the right, next towards the right again, last towards the top. The little words of the stories help us walk.
Report an error
Definition — One Arrow per Step
To code a path, we use four arrows: \(\uparrow\;\rightarrow\;\downarrow\;\leftarrow\). Each arrow means: take one step to the next square in that direction.
Figure  Figure
Example
Follow the code \(\rightarrow\;\uparrow\;\rightarrow\) with your finger. Where does the marble land?
Figure

One square right, one square up, one square right: the marble lands on the star.
Figure
This is not Aisha's code, and the marble still lands on the star: several paths lead to the same place.

Skills to practice
  • Following Arrows on a Path
VI Review & Quizz
Skills to practice
  • Quiz