Geometric Transformations

Transformations are ways to move or turn a shape without changing its size or shape.

When a transformation is applied to a shape, the original shape is called the object. The new shape after the transformation is called the image.

Transformations are ways to move a shape without changing what it looks like. In geometry, we often use:

• Translation: Moves every point of the shape the same distance in the same direction. The shape keeps the same shape, size, and orientation.
• Rotation: Turns the shape around a fixed point (called the centre of rotation). The shape keeps the same shape and size.
• Reflection: Flips the shape across a line (called the line of reflection) to make a mirror image.

A pattern is a design made by repeating a shape using a transformation (such as a translation or a rotation).

The following pattern is created by repeating a translation: each duck is the image of the previous duck after a slide to the right.