Functions

A function is a rule that assigns to each input exactly one output. You can think of a function as a machine: for every input you give it, the machine produces an output according to a specific rule.

• The rule is: \(\textcolor{olive}{\text{add 2}}\).
• The input is: \(\textcolor{colordef}{3}\).
• The output is: \(\textcolor{colordef}{3}\textcolor{olive}{+2} =\textcolor{colorprop}{5}\).

A table of values is a table that shows several pairs of input and output values for a function.

Here is a table of values for the rule "add 2":

Input	2	3	4
Output	4	5	6

A graph of a relation is the set of points \((\textcolor{colordef}{\text{Input}},\textcolor{colorprop}{\text{Output}})\) in a coordinate plane.

A line graph of a relation is the set of points \((\textcolor{colordef}{\text{Input}},\textcolor{colorprop}{\text{Output}})\) connected by straight line segments.

Plot the line graph for the rule "add 2" using the table of values below:

Input	1	2	3	4
Output	3	4	5	6