Times Tables

A) Times Tables

Each box can hold 9 pencils, and there are 5 boxes ready to be filled.
Hugo wants to find out the total number of pencils needed to fill all the boxes.
Can you help Hugo?

Answer

Hugo starts by adding 9 five times, like this:

9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9

However, this takes time. Instead, he uses the times table for a quicker method.
As

\begin{aligned} 5 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 5 \times 1 & = 5 \\ 5 \times 2 & = 10 \\ 5 \times 3 & = 15 \\ 5 \times 4 & = 20 \\ 5 \times 5 & = 25 \\ 5 \times 6 & = 30 \\ 5 \times 7 & = 35 \\ 5 \times 8 & = 40 \\ 5 \times 9 & = 45 \\ 5 \times 10 & = 50 \end{aligned}

5 \times 9 = 45

.
So, Hugo will need 45 pencils to fill all the boxes. This example shows why learning the times table is helpful.

Definition Times Table

A Times Table is a list that shows the results of multiplying one number by the numbers from 0 to 10.

Example

Calculate

4 \times 9

given the times table of

4

\begin{aligned} 4 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 4 \times 1 & = 4 \\ 4 \times 2 & = 8 \\ 4 \times 3 & = 12 \\ 4 \times 4 & = 16 \\ 4 \times 5 & = 20 \\ 4 \times 6 & = 24 \\ 4 \times 7 & = 28 \\ 4 \times 8 & = 32 \\ 4 \times 9 & = 36 \\ 4 \times 10 & = 40 \end{aligned}

Answer

In the times table of

4

, we find

4 \times 9 = 36

B) Times Table of 2

Discover

How many eyes are there ?

Answer

You can count by 2s: 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. So, there are

5 \times 2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 10

eyes.
We can calculate more quickly with

\begin{aligned} 5 \times 2 & = 2 \times 5 \\ = 5 + 5 \\ = 10 \end{aligned}

Proposition Times Table of 2

\begin{aligned} 2 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 2 \times 1 & = 2 \\ 2 \times 2 & = 4 \\ 2 \times 3 & = 6 \\ 2 \times 4 & = 8 \\ 2 \times 5 & = 10 \\ 2 \times 6 & = 12 \\ 2 \times 7 & = 14 \\ 2 \times 8 & = 16 \\ 2 \times 9 & = 18 \\ 2 \times 10 & = 20 \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} 0 \times 2 & = 0 \\ 1 \times 2 & = 2 \\ 2 \times 2 & = 4 \\ 3 \times 2 & = 6 \\ 4 \times 2 & = 8 \\ 5 \times 2 & = 10 \\ 6 \times 2 & = 12 \\ 7 \times 2 & = 14 \\ 8 \times 2 & = 16 \\ 9 \times 2 & = 18 \\ 10 \times 2 & = 20 \end{aligned}

C) Times Table of 5

Discover

How many cubes are there if we count by 5s?

Answer

You can count by 5s: 5, 10, and 15 cubes.

There are

3 \times 5 = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15

cubes.

Proposition Times Table of 5

\begin{aligned} 5 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 5 \times 1 & = 5 \\ 5 \times 2 & = 10 \\ 5 \times 3 & = 15 \\ 5 \times 4 & = 20 \\ 5 \times 5 & = 25 \\ 5 \times 6 & = 30 \\ 5 \times 7 & = 35 \\ 5 \times 8 & = 40 \\ 5 \times 9 & = 45 \\ 5 \times 10 & = 50 \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} 0 \times 5 & = 0 \\ 1 \times 5 & = 5 \\ 2 \times 5 & = 10 \\ 3 \times 5 & = 15 \\ 4 \times 5 & = 20 \\ 5 \times 5 & = 25 \\ 6 \times 5 & = 30 \\ 7 \times 5 & = 35 \\ 8 \times 5 & = 40 \\ 9 \times 5 & = 45 \\ 10 \times 5 & = 50 \end{aligned}

D) Times Table of 10

Discover

How many cubes are there if we count by 10s?

Answer

You can count by 10s: 10, 20, and 30 cubes.

There are

3 \times 10 = 10 + 10 + 10 = 30

cubes.

Proposition Times Table of 10

\begin{aligned} 10 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 10 \times 1 & = 10 \\ 10 \times 2 & = 20 \\ 10 \times 3 & = 30 \\ 10 \times 4 & = 40 \\ 10 \times 5 & = 50 \\ 10 \times 6 & = 60 \\ 10 \times 7 & = 70 \\ 10 \times 8 & = 80 \\ 10 \times 9 & = 90 \\ 10 \times 10 & = 100 \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} 0 \times 10 & = 0 \\ 1 \times 10 & = 10 \\ 2 \times 10 & = 20 \\ 3 \times 10 & = 30 \\ 4 \times 10 & = 40 \\ 5 \times 10 & = 50 \\ 6 \times 10 & = 60 \\ 7 \times 10 & = 70 \\ 8 \times 10 & = 80 \\ 9 \times 10 & = 90 \\ 10 \times 10 & = 100 \end{aligned}

E) Times Table of 3

Discover

How many bananas are there?

Answer

You can count by 3s: 3, 6, 9, and 12 bananas.

There are

4 \times 3 = 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 12

bananas.

Proposition Multiplication table 3

\begin{aligned} 3 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 3 \times 1 & = 3 \\ 3 \times 2 & = 6 \\ 3 \times 3 & = 9 \\ 3 \times 4 & = 12 \\ 3 \times 5 & = 15 \\ 3 \times 6 & = 18 \\ 3 \times 7 & = 21 \\ 3 \times 8 & = 24 \\ 3 \times 9 & = 27 \\ 3 \times 10 & = 30 \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} 0 \times 3 & = 0 \\ 1 \times 3 & = 3 \\ 2 \times 3 & = 6 \\ 3 \times 3 & = 9 \\ 4 \times 3 & = 12 \\ 5 \times 3 & = 15 \\ 6 \times 3 & = 18 \\ 7 \times 3 & = 21 \\ 8 \times 3 & = 24 \\ 9 \times 3 & = 27 \\ 10 \times 3 & = 30 \end{aligned}

F) Times Table of 4

Discover

Each butterfly has 4 wings. How many wings are there?

Answer

You can count by 4s: 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 wings.

There are

5 \times 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20

wings.

Proposition Multiplication table 4

\begin{aligned} 4 \times 0 & = 0 \\ 4 \times 1 & = 4 \\ 4 \times 2 & = 8 \\ 4 \times 3 & = 12 \\ 4 \times 4 & = 16 \\ 4 \times 5 & = 20 \\ 4 \times 6 & = 24 \\ 4 \times 7 & = 28 \\ 4 \times 8 & = 32 \\ 4 \times 9 & = 36 \\ 4 \times 10 & = 40 \end{aligned}

\begin{aligned} 0 \times 4 & = 0 \\ 1 \times 4 & = 4 \\ 2 \times 4 & = 8 \\ 3 \times 4 & = 12 \\ 4 \times 4 & = 16 \\ 5 \times 4 & = 20 \\ 6 \times 4 & = 24 \\ 7 \times 4 & = 28 \\ 8 \times 4 & = 32 \\ 9 \times 4 & = 36 \\ 10 \times 4 & = 40 \end{aligned}